- Maintain a patent airway. Per policy, note endotracheal (ET) tube position and confirm that it is secue.
- Assess oxygen saturation, bilateral breath sounds for adequate air movement, and respiratory rate per policy.
- Check vital signs per policy, particularly blood pressure after a ventilator setting is changed. Mechanical ventilation increases intrathoracic pressure, which could affect blood pressure and cardiac output.
- Assess patient’s pain, anxiety and sedation needs and medicate as ordered.
- Complete bedside check: ensure suction equipment, bag-valve mask and artificial airway are functional and present at bedside. Verify ventilator settings with the prescribed orders.
- Suction patient only as needed, per facility policy; hyper oxygenate the patient before and after suctioning and do not instil normal saline in the ET tube; suction for the shortest time possible and use the lowest pressure required to remove secretions. Monitor for upper airway trauma as evidenced by new blood in secretions
- Monitor arterial blood gas (ABG) after adjustments are made to ventilator settings and during weaning to ensure adequate oxygenation and acid-base balance.
- To minimize the risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), implement best practices such as strict handwashing; aseptic technique with suctioning; elevating head of bed 30-45 degrees (unless contraindicated); providing sedation vacations and assessing patient’s readiness to extubate; providing peptic ulcer disease prophylaxis; providing deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis; and performing oral care with chlorhexidine, per your facility policy.
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